The 5-degree rule
Day-old chicks can't regulate their body temperature. Extension guidance is to start the brooder at about 95°F (35°C), measured at chick height directly under the heat source, then lower it about 5°F each week until you reach roughly 70°F or your room temperature. Most chicks are feathered enough by 5–6 weeks to go without extra heat in mild weather.
Ducklings start slightly cooler, around 90°F, and feather out quickly. Turkey poults and quail like it a little warmer at first. The schedule adjusts the starting point for each species and drops 5°F a week after that.
Watch the chicks, not just the thermometer
- Huddled under the heat, peeping loudly: too cold.
- Pressed against the far walls, panting, wings held out: too hot.
- Spread out evenly, eating and napping: just right.
Always leave a cooler side of the brooder so chicks can move away from the heat. Radiant heat plates and enclosed heaters carry far less fire risk than open 250-watt heat lamps. If you do use a lamp, secure it with two independent attachments and keep it well away from bedding.
Gear that helps
- Radiant heat plate with adjustable legs
- Infrared or probe thermometer for checking chick-level temperature
- Chick feeder and quart waterer
- Large plastic tote or brooder kit
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Frequently asked questions
When can chicks go outside?
Once they are fully feathered, usually 6–8 weeks, and night temperatures stay above about 50–60°F. Give them a few warm afternoons outdoors first.
Is 100°F too hot for chicks?
At chick level, yes. That's too hot for anything but a small spot under the heater. As long as chicks can move to a cooler area, a hot spot isn't dangerous.
Sources
- University of Maine Extension, Bulletin 2219: Giving Chicks a Good Start
- UF/IFAS, AN182: Care of Baby Chicks
Last reviewed October 2026. These are planning estimates for hobby flocks. For sick birds, contact a poultry vet or your state extension office.